Introduction:-
Gin is a spirit which is distilled from cereals and flavoured with juniper berries and botanical/herbal, spice, floral or fruit flavours or often a combination. The main gin producing country are England , Holland , Canada , and the US.
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| Juniper berries |
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| Botanical/ herbal |
Types of Gin :-
There are main two types of Gin based on the methods of making.
- Dutch gin /Geneva/ Holland:- It is distilled twice in pot stills with juniper berries and other aromatics including in the second distillation.
- London dry gin:- It is distilled first in patent still , and then in pot still along with juniper berries and other aromatics.
Dutch Gin or Holland Gin :-
Dutch gin is produced by fermenting the mash of rye ,malted barley,and corn ,distilling it in pot stills, and redistilling at low proof with the addition of juniper berries and coriander seeds.
Flow chart of Dutch / Holland Gin production :-
Alcoholic wash ( fermented cereals)
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Pot distilled
↓
Pot distilled with the addition of juniper berries and other aromatics
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Stored in glass lined container
↓
Bottled
London Dry Gin:-
London dry gin is made from grain spirit which is distilled from a grain mixture of barley, corn ,and rye in patent stills of obtain neutral spirit at 180-188 proof .It is then reduced to 120 proof with the addition of distilled water and then redistilled in pot stills with juniper berries and coriander seeds either placed in the spirit or suspend above them so that the rising vapours pass through them absorbing the flavour, and then condensed .
All of them have one basic ingredients → juniper berries, Other aromatics include cassia bark,calamus root , fennel almond,orange peel ,orris root,angelica root, cardamom ,lemon , liquorice, orris root. These aromatics are termed botanical.
Alcoholic wash ( fermented cereals )
↓
Patent distilled
↓
Pot distilled with the addition of juniper berries and other aromatics
↓
Stored in glass lined container
↓
Bottled
Styles of Gin:-
Styles and Characteristics:-
- London dry:- Unsweetened gin , Dry gin .
- Plymouth gin :- It is made only in Plymouth by Coates . It is unsweetened and is more pungent than London dry gin . It is the traditional gin of the British navy and is used in the preparation of pink gin .
- Old Tom gin :- Sweetened gin from Scotland, this was originally used in the preparation of ‘ Tom Collins ’ cocktail.
- Sloe gin :- Made by steeping sloe in gin and is popular as a Liqueur. It has a little sugar syrup and flavoured with Almonds.
- Lemon and orange gin :- It is made by stepping the peel of the fruits in gin for a period of 8-10 weeks.
- Golden gin :- Straw colored ,dry and aged .
- Holland gin :- Heavy bodied with a malty aroma.
- Cold Compounded gin :- Low grade netural spirit stirred with juniper flavoured essence .This gin essence is prepared in chemical laboratories .It is a simple and cheap method of making gin.
- Sthieden gin :- It is named after one of the Dutch country from where is has originated and manufacture .
- Steinhanger gin :- German gin similar to London dry gin with more juniper berries flavours .
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